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There is an ongoing debate on the extent to which the writing of programs is an art , a craft or an engineering discipline. [ 1 ] Good programming is generally considered to be the measured application of all three, with the goal of producing an efficient and evolvable software solution (the criteria for "efficient" and "evolvable" vary considerably). The discipline differs from many other technical professions in that programmers generally do not need to be licensed or pass any standardized (or governmentally regulated) certification tests in order to call themselves "programmers" or even "software engineers." However, representing oneself as a "Professional Software Engineer" without a license from an accredited institution is illegal in many parts of the world. [ citation needed ]
In the late 1880s Herman Hollerith invented the recording of data on a medium that could then be read by a machine. Prior uses of machine readable media, above, had been for control, not data. "After some initial trials with paper tape, he settled on punched cards ..." [ 7 ] To process these punched cards, first known as "Hollerith cards" he invented the tabulator , and the key punch machines. These three inventions were the foundation of the modern information processing industry. In 1896 he founded the Tabulating Machine Company (which later became the core of IBM ). The addition of a control panel to his 1906 Type I Tabulator allowed it to do different jobs without having to be physically rebuilt. By the late 1940s there were a variety of plug-board programmable machines, called unit record equipment , to perform data processing tasks (card reading). Early computer programmers used plug-boards for the variety of complex calculations requested of the newly invented machines.
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| | For you information - Ideas For Software Products Are Usually First Evaluated By Marketing Personnel For Economic Feasibility, For Fit With Existing Channels Distribution, For Possible Effects On Existing Product Lines, Required Features, And For Fit With The Company's Marketing Objectives. |
| Computer Programming - Wikipedia, The Free Encyclopedia - Computer programming - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Computer programming
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"Programming" redirects here. For other uses, see Programming (disambiguation) .
Software development process
Activities and steps
Requirements · Specification
Architecture · Design
Implementation · Testing
Deployment · Maintenance
Models
Agile · Cleanroom · DSDM
Iterative · RAD · RUP · Spiral
Waterfall · XP · Scrum · V-Model
FDD
Supporting disciplines
Configuration management
Documentation
Quality assurance (SQA)
Project management
User experience design
Tools
Compiler · Debugger · Profiler
GUI designer
Integrated development environment
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Computer programming (often shortened to programming or coding ) is the process of writing, testing, debugging/troubleshooting, and maintaining the source code of computer programs . This source code is written in a programming language . The code may be a modification of an existing source or something completely new. The purpose of programming is to create a program that exhibits a certain desired behaviour (customization). The process of writing source code often requires expertise in many different subjects, including knowledge of the application domain, specialized algorithms and formal logic .
Contents
1 Overview
2 History of programming
3 Modern programming
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